Ukusetshenziswa kwamamojula e-peltier, amamojula e-thermoelectric kubalawuli bokushisa

Ukusetshenziswa kwamamojula e-peltier, amamojula e-thermoelectric kubalawuli bokushisa

Imojula yokupholisa ye-Thermoelectric (i-peltier element)—evame ukubizwa ngokuthi ama-thermoelectric coolers (ama-TEC)—iyizingxenye ezibalulekile ezinhlelweni zokulawula izinga lokushisa ezinembe kakhulu. Ukusebenza kwazo kusekelwe kumphumela we-Peltier: lapho ugesi oqondile udlula i-thermocouple eyakhiwe ngezinto ezimbili ze-semiconductor ezingafani, ukushisa kuyamuncwa kwenye indawo (uhlangothi olubandayo) bese kwenqatshwa ngesikhathi esifanayo endaweni ephambene (uhlangothi olushisayo).

Ezinhlelweni zokulawula izinga lokushisa ezihlanganisiwe, amamojula we-thermoelectric, amamojula e-peltier, ama-TEC ahambisana nabalawuli bokushisa abahlakaniphile (okungukuthi, ama-thermostat) ukuze kuvunyelwe ukulawulwa kokushisa okuqondiswayo okubili, okusebenzayo, kanye nokuvaliwe ngokunemba okumangalisayo. Ngezansi ukuhlaziywa okuhlelekile kwezimiso zabo zokusebenza kanye nokusetshenziswa okusebenzayo:

1. Isimiso sokusebenza esiyinhloko: Ukulawulwa kokushisa okujikelezayo okuvaliwe

Imojula yokupholisa ye-Thermoelectric, i-TEC isebenza kuphela njengedivayisi yokudlulisa ukushisa futhi ayikwazi ukunquma ngokuzimela ukuthi iphole noma ifudumale; leli khono lokwenza izinqumo lihlala ngokuphelele ngaphakathi kwesilawuli sokushisa—“iyunithi yokucubungula ephakathi” yesistimu. Ifakwe inzwa yokushisa ethembekile kakhulu, isilawuli siqapha njalo izinga lokushisa langempela futhi siliqhathanise namasethi achazwe ngumsebenzisi:

• Imodi yokupholisa: Uma izinga lokushisa elilinganisiwe lidlula indawo engenhla, isilawuli sisebenzisa ugesi obheke phambili, okwenza kube ngcono ukukhipha ukushisa ohlangothini olubandayo.

• Imodi Yokushisa: Uma izinga lokushisa lehla ngaphansi kwe-setpoint engezansi, isilawuli siguqula i-polarity yamanje, ngaleyo ndlela sishintsha izindima zokushisa zezindawo ezimbili zokuhlangana bese siqala ukushisa okusebenzayo.

Le ndlela yokuguqula ugesi ivumela ukushintsha kwemodi yokushisa okusheshayo—ngaphandle kokubambezeleka komshini noma ukungabi namandla kokushisa—ngaleyo ndlela inikeza impendulo enamandla kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlelo zokuqandisa ezivamile ezithembele ezintweni zokushisa ezihlukene futhi zibonise ukubambezeleka komshini okungokwemvelo.

2. Izizinda zezicelo ezimele

Ngenxa yokuqina kwazo okuncane, ukusebenza buthule, ukusebenza okungenazo izithingithingi, kanye nokuqina kwezinga lokushisa (ukufinyelela ukunemba kokulawula okungu-±0.1 °C, kanye nokwehla kuya ku-±0.01 °C ekulungiselelweni okulungiselelwe kahle), izinhlelo zokuphatha ukushisa ezisekelwe ku-TEC ezisekelwe ku-Thermoelectric module (peltier cooler) zisetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni ebalulekile:

• Isayensi yezokwelapha kanye neyokuphila: Ama-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) thermal cyclers, ama-gene sequencers esizukulwane esilandelayo, ama-chemical analyzers emtholampilo, kanye nezitsha zokuthutha zemithi yokugoma ezwela izinga lokushisa—konke kudinga ukufana okuqinile kokushisa ukuqinisekisa ubuqotho bokuhlolwa kanye nokuphepha kwesiguli.

• Izinhlelo ze-Optical kanye ne-photonic: Ama-Laser diode, izinzwa ze-optical, kanye nezitholi ze-infrared, lapho ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa kwemizuzu kubangela ukukhukhuleka kwe-wavelength noma ukuphambuka kwendlela ye-optical; ngakho-ke ukuzinza kwe-TEC okunembile kubalulekile ekugcineni ukwethembeka kwesignali ekuxhumaneni kwe-optical kanye nokumetrology kobuso be-optics enembile kakhulu.

• Ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni kanye ne-semiconductor: Ama-stepper e-Photolithography, amathuluzi okuqopha i-plasma, amamojula okuthwebula izithombe e-ADAS, kanye nama-transceivers e-LiDAR—lapho ukuzinza kokushisa kulawula ngqo ukuphindaphindeka kwenqubo, ukukhiqizwa, kanye nokuthembeka kwemishini yesikhathi eside ngaphansi kwezimo eziguquguqukayo ze-ambient.

• Amadivayisi e-elekthronikhi namadivayisi aphathekayo asetshenziswa ngabathengi: Amamojula okuphatha ukushisa kwama-smartphone, ama-dehumidifier asekelwe ekuvundeni komswakama amancane, amayunithi okuqandisa amancane, kanye namadivayisi okucindezela ukubanda kwesikhumba—aletha izixazululo zokushisa ezithule, ezingenasiqandisi, nezisimeme ngokwemvelo.

3. Izinhlelo ezingaphansi ezibalulekile ezivumela ukusebenza kahle kwe-TEC ye-thermoelectric

Ukuze kusetshenziswe ngokugcwele amakhono amamojula e-peltier, amadivayisi e-peltier, ama-TEC ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo sokulawula izinga lokushisa, izinhlelo eziningana ezincikene kumele zakhiwe ngokuqinile futhi zilungiswe kahle:

• Ukulawulwa kwempendulo okusekelwe ku-PID: Njengoba kunikezwe i-thermal inertia engokwemvelo kanye nezici ze-nonlinear voltage-current-heat-transfer ze-TEC, ama-peltier coolers, ama-algorithms e-peltier advanced proportional-integral-derivative (PID) modules asetshenziswa ukulungisa i-drive current ngokuguquguqukayo, ukususa iphutha le-steady-state, ukucindezela i-thermal oscillations, kanye nokugcina ukusebenza kwe-isothermal yangempela.

• Ukuphathwa kokushisa okushisayo okusebenzayo kakhulu: Njengoba ama-TEC esebenza njengamaphampu okushisa—hhayi ama-heat sink—ukusatshalaliswa okuphumelelayo kokushisa okungcolile okuvela ohlangothini olushisayo kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukwehluleka kwesistimu kuvame ukuvela ekupholiseni okunganele ohlangothini olushisayo; ngakho-ke, ama-heat sink e-aluminium noma ethusi asebenza kahle kakhulu, akhuliswa yi-forced-air convection noma ama-liquid cooling loops, ayindlela ejwayelekile.

• Ukuzwa kwezinga lokushisa okunembe kakhulu: Ukulinganisa ngokunemba kuncike ezinzwa ezilungisiwe njenge-NTC thermistors noma ama-thermometer okumelana ne-platinum e-PT100. Ukuze kuncishiswe ukumelana kwe-interface yokushisa nokuqinisekisa impendulo emele, izinzwa kumele zifakwe ngokomzimba ekuthinteni okushisayo okuseduze nendawo elawulwayo—ngokuvamile ziqiniswe kusetshenziswa i-grease ye-silicone eqhuba ukushisa futhi ziqiniswe ngomshini.

• Isekhethi yokuvikela ephelele: Abalawuli bokushisa abaqinile bafaka izivikelo ezinezingqimba eziningi—kufaka phakathi ugesi ongaphezu kwamandla, ugesi ongaphezu kwamandla, ugesi ongaphezu kwamandla, kanye nokuvikelwa kwesekhethi esifushane—ukunciphisa izingozi ezihlobene nezehlakalo ze-reverse voltage ezidlulayo, ukugijima kokushisa, noma izimo zokusebenza ezingavamile ezingase zibe yingozi kumojuli we-Thermoelectric, imojuli ye-TEC, ubude besikhathi be-TEC noma ukuphepha kohlelo.

4. Ukuhlola okuqhathanisayo: Izinzuzo kanye nemingcele

Izinzuzo:

• Ukwakhiwa kwe-Solid-state kususa izingxenye ezihambayo, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza buthule, akukho ukulungiswa, kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside kwenkonzo;

• Isici sefomu esingandiswa kakhulu sisekela ukuhlanganiswa kumapulatifomu ancishisiwe isikhala;

• Ukuguqulwa okusheshayo kwe-thermal polarity kwenza kube lula ukusebenza kwe-agile kuzo zonke izigaba zokushisa ezibanzi (isb., −50 °C kuya ku-+80 °C);

• Umklamo ongenazo iziqandisi uhambisana nemithethonqubo yezemvelo yomhlaba wonke kanye nemigomo yokuzinza.

Imikhawulo:

• I-coefficient ephansi kakhulu yokusebenza (i-COP), ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kokwehluka okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa;

• Umthamo omkhulu wokupholisa unqunywa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokwenqaba ukushisa ohlangothini olushisayo;

• Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kukhuphuka kakhulu ezimweni ze-ΔT ezibucayi kakhulu;

• Amamojula e-TEC anamandla amakhulu (amamojula e-thermoelectric) ahlanganisa izindleko eziphezulu zezinto zokwakha kanye nokukhiqiza, okuthinta umnotho wohlelo lonke.

Imininingwane ye-TES1-12106T125

Izinga lokushisa elishisayo eliseceleni lingu-30 C,

Isilinganiso: 6A,

Ubukhulu: 14.2V

I-QMax: 50.8 W

Ubukhulu be-Delta T: 67 C

Usayizi: 15X60X3.4mm, ububanzi bembobo: 6.2

Ipuleti le-Ceramic: 96%Al2O3

Ivaliwe: Ivaliwe yi-704 RTV (umbala omhlophe)

Intambo: 22AWG PVC, ukumelana nokushisa okungu-80℃.

Ubude bentambo: 150mm

Izinto ze-thermoelectric: i-Bismuth Telluride